Islam and Science (why islam talked about heart and science talked about mind)

 Islam and Science

Mind and reason are essential parts of Islamic thought and legislation.  One could not exist without the other.  What exactly do we refer to when we talk about the mind? There are two kinds of reasoning by the mind that has been identified.

The first is intuitive reasoning which includes: the capacity to comprehend, make rational conclusions, form speech, and behave sensibly.  The second kind of reasoning is acquired from our environment, such as the things we have been taught or become familiar with.

I shall discuss intuitive reasoning for it is what God has granted to all, and it is what makes us accountable for our behavior.  One who does not possess a mind or has lost his mind cannot be fully responsible for what he does.

Often, a person will have a good mind, and then choose not to use it or restrain it from thinking logically when it comes to matters of religion and faith.  He will end up being one of the unfaithful and will be held accountable for his ignorance in religion.

"And it is not for any soul to believe, except by the leave of God, and He lays abomination on those who have no understanding." (Quran 10:100)

It is no wonder that the punishment of those who do not believe is equivalent to that of those who do not understand. 

"Whoever Allah wishes to guide, He expands his chest to Islam, and whoever He wishes to leave astray, He makes his chest narrow and constricted as if he were climbing up to the sky.  So Allah lays abomination on those who do not believe." (Quran 6:125)